The official birthstone list from the American National Association of Jewelers, Jewelers of America. These gemstones were officially adopted in 1912. In the US, this is the accepted list. Tanzanite was added as an additional modern birthstone for December by the American Gem Trade Association in October 2002.

This list of the older, more traditional birthstones reflects various societal customs and traditions from as far back as the 15th century. These stones are sometimes combined with the modern birthstone list.